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Hazrat Babajan
Hazrat Babajan () (c. 1806 - 21 September 1931) was a Pathan Muslim saint considered by her followers to be a sadguru or qutub. Born in Balochistan, Afghanistan, she lived the final 25 years of her life in Pune, India. She is most notable as the original master of Meher Baba.
==Early life and realization==
The earliest recorded account of Hazrat Babajan, who was named at birth ''Gulrukh'', "Face like a Rose", states that she "is the daughter of one of the ministers of the Amir of Afghanistan".〔Purdom, Charles B: ''The Perfect Master'', London: Williams & Northgate, 1937, p. 115, and referring to Meher Baba’s 1927 public discourse on Babajan, which had been recorded in a diary at the time〕 Later accounts report that Babajan "hails from Afghanistan … and was the daughter of a well-to-do Afghan of noble lineage";〔Munsiff, Dr Abdul Ghani: "Hazrat Babajan of Poona", ''Meher Baba Journal'', Vol. 1, February 1939, No. 4, p. 31〕 "born to a royal Muslim family of Baluchistan."〔Kalchuri, Bhau: ''Meher Prabhu: Lord Meher, The Biography of the Avatar of the Age Volume One'', Myrtle Beach, South Carolina: Manifestation, Inc., 1986, p. 5〕〔Regarding Babajan’s early life, Ghani informs, "the information gleaned from different sources is meagre, since Babajan herself was never communicative to anyone with regard to her early life" (Ghani, ''Meher Baba Journal'', Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 31). Another version of Babajan’s early life states: "According to some people () original name is Razia Sultana. She is said to be the daughter of one Bahadur Shah Zaffar and had come from Afghanistan" (Burman, J J Roy: ''Hindu-Muslim Syncretic Shrines and Communities'', New Delhi: Mittal Publications, 2002, p. 237)〕 The precise date of Babajan’s birth is unclear. Biography variants range from 1790〔Purdom, Charles B: ''The God-Man: The Life, Journeys & Work of Meher Baba with an Interpretation of His Silence & Spiritual Teaching'', London: George Allen & Unwin, 1962, p. 18, who wrote, "her actual date of birth is not known; it is supposed to have been about 1790." Kalchuri states Babajan to have been born "between 1790 and 1800" (''Meher Prabhu: Vol One'', p. 5), and Ghani considered the date to have been 1806, estimating she was "125 years" when she died (''Meher Baba Journal'', Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 38)〕 to ''c''. 1820.〔Paul Brunton (Raphael Hirsch, or Hurst), quoting "former Judge Khandalawalla" in 1930, wrote: "her age is really about ninety-five", providing a later birth date of around 1835 (''A Search in Secret India'', London: Rider & Co., 1934, p. 62)〕 Her education was in keeping with her family's social status of that time, and well-educated, she was fluent in Arabic, Persian and Urdu, in addition to her native Pashtu. She was also a ''hāfiżah'', one who learns the Quran by heart. An introspective child, and spiritually inclined, from "early life she developed mystical tendencies, and unlike girls of her age, she used to pass a good deal of her time in prayers, meditation and solitude."〔Ghani, ''Meher Baba Journal'', Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 31〕〔Kalchuri, Bhau: ''Meher Prabhu: Lord Meher, The Biography of the Avatar of the Age Volume One'', Myrtle Beach, South Carolina: Manifestation, Inc., 1986, p. 5〕
Following the conventions of Afghan nobility, Babajan was reared under the strict purdah tradition, in which women were secluded from the outside world, and also subservient to a custom of arranged marriages. She opposed an unwelcome marriage planned for her, and ran away from home on her wedding day at the age of eighteen. Disguised in her burqa, she journeyed to Peshawar, the frontier city at the foot of the Khyber Pass. It was in or near Peshawar that she eventually came into contact with a Hindu sadguru. Following instruction from the guru, "she went into seclusion in a nearby mountain outside Rawalpindi and underwent very severe () (spiritual austerities) for nearly seventeen months.〔Kalchuri confirms, "Under this Sadguru’s guidance she climbed a mountain in the wilderness and lived in a secluded cave. For a year and a half she remained in the mountainous regions of what is now Pakistan, undergoing rigorous spiritual austerity" (''Meher Prabhu: Vol One'', p. 7)〕 Thereafter she came down to () Punjab and stayed a few months in Multan. It was in Multan, while () was 37 years of age, she contacted a Muslim saint … who put end to her spiritual struggle by giving her God-realisation."〔Ghani, ''Meher Baba Journal'', Vo. 1, No. 4, p. 32. Ghani does not name the Muslim saint, but Kalchuri states he was known as Maula Shah. This intense spiritual experience does not appear to have been an ultimate achievement. According to Meher Baba, she "became God Realized at the age of about sixty-five" at the hands of another (unnamed) Master. Purdom confirms this earliest version: "After years in search of God she found a Master, who many years afterwards (at the age of sixty-five, it is said) made her perfect" (''The God-Man'', p. 18)〕 After that experience she returned to Rawalpindi to reconnect with the Hindu guru who, after several years, helped her return to normal consciousness.〔Tradition attributes Shaykh Abu Sa’id Ahamd al-Kharraz of Baghdad (d. 899) as "the first Sufi to explain and elaborate the theories of ‘''fana''’, or the soul’s annihilation in God, and ‘''baqa''’, or the soul’s subsistence in God. According to this school of thought, soul’s annihilation means the mystic’s obliteration from every kind of knowledge of his phenomenal existence and individual qualities. Subsistence of the soul denotes knowledge of eternal existence and the seeker’s abiding in God" (see Bhatnagar, R S: ''Dimensions of Classical Sufi Thought'', Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Pvt. Ltd., 1992, pp. 186–187); see also Meher Baba, ''God Speaks: The Theme of Creation and Its Purpose'', Walnut Creek, CA: Sufism Reoriented, 1973, pp. 131ff., pp. 240–241, who clearly recognized that there are various stages in the ''fana-baqa'' process, and who provided a comprehensive description of the stages involved, not to be found in more traditional accounts.〕
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